Effects of tillage systems on soil water distribution, crop development, and evaporation and transpiration rates of soybean

Tillage practices are known to affect soil water retention, plant available and, consequently, crop production. Impacts can be determined by assessing hydraulic properties and characteristics. In this study, three tillage were investigated with respect vertical distribution development of soybean. A specific focus was set on determining evaporation transpiration as fractions evapotranspiration obtain additional information availability use. The agricultural included conventional tillage, reduced (no plow), no-tillage. study site a long-term field experiment under rainfed conditions. investigations covered vegetation period measurements comprised weather monitoring using sensors manual development. Evapotranspiration its components scintillometer an isotope-based balance technique. the researched limited availability, conservative showed better storage, use, yields compared practice. weekly rates progressed according respective canopy Thus, delayed no-till practice led extended green cover productive use during late season, where large part precipitation has fallen. tillage-induced differences had substantial impact distribution, but comparatively small surface wetness thus directly rate. impacts residues, however, reduction effect residue losses. Hence, assessment contributes understanding in productivity promotes efficient resources.